端口扫描
每个服务器上面都会跑很多应用,每个应用都会侦听某些端口,通过侦听端口接收来自客户端或其他用户对应用程序的访问。所以在发现目标主机存活后,我们需要知道目标主机上都开放了那些端口,应用程序的漏洞都SEO靠我是通过端口体现出来的。后续的渗透测试如果能攻击进入一个操作系统的话,都是通过端口后面的应用程序的漏洞攻击进去的。所以说,二三四层主机发现只是为了准确发现活着的IP,确定攻击面;端口扫描发现开放的端口,SEO靠我确定攻击点。
端口对应网络服务及应用端程序服务端程序的漏洞通过端口攻入
一、UDP端口扫描
基于端口的扫描,都是针对存活的主机而言。使用UDP端口扫描,如果目标主机不存活或者目标主机存活且端口开放,则目标系SEO靠我统不会有响应;如果端口关闭,则目标系统会响应端口不可达。
端口关闭:ICMP port unreachable端口开放:没有回包
使用脚本的方式实现扫描多个端口
#!/usr/bin/python
SEO靠我 #该脚本使用UDP协议扫描多个目标主机端口
from scapy.all import *
import time
import sysif l
SEO靠我en( sys.argv ) !=4: print "Example: ./UDP_scan.py 1.1.1.1 50 150" sys.exit() ip=sys.argv[1] //目标主机IP
SEO靠我
start=int(sys.argv[2]) //起始端口
end=int(sys.argv[3]) //终止端口for port in range(start,en
SEO靠我d):a=sr1(IP(dst=ip)/UDP(dport=port),timeout=1,verbose=0) //udp的探测命令time.sleep(1) //防止因扫描过快,造成误判if a=
SEO靠我=None: //响应包为空,则目标主机端口开放,打印该端口print portelse:pass
结果如下:
root@root:~# chmod +x UDP_scapy.py //赋予文件执行权限
SEO靠我 root@root:~# ./UDP_scapy.py 192.168.247.129 1 100
53
88
Nmap
nmap -sU 192.168.
SEO靠我247.129 //-sU:使用UDP协议nmap -sU 192.168.247.129 -p 53 nmap -iL iplist.txt
SEO靠我 -sU -p 1-200 //指定扫描地址列表
root@kali:~# nmap -sU 192.168.247.129 //如果没有使用-p 指定扫描端口,
SEO靠我默认扫描1000个常用端口;如果没有回应目标端口不可达,则该端口开放;否则,则端口关闭
Starting Nmap 7.70 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2019-
SEO靠我04-13 17:32 CST
Nmap scan report for bogon (192.168.247.129)
Host is up (0.00096s la
SEO靠我tency).
Not shown: 991 closed ports
PORT STATE SERVICE
123/udp open|filtered
SEO靠我 ntp
137/udp open netbios-ns
138/udp open|filtered netbios-dgm
445/udp open|
SEO靠我filtered microsoft-ds
500/udp open|filtered isakmp
1032/udp open|filtered iad3
SEO靠我 1033/udp open|filtered netinfo-local
1034/udp open|filtered activesync-notify
450
SEO靠我0/udp open|filtered nat-t-ike
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:8F:74:74 (VMware)Nmap done: 1 IP address
SEO靠我 (1 host up) scanned in 1.47 seconds
root@kali:~# nmap -sU 192.168.247.129 -p 53 //-p 扫描指定端口
SEO靠我
Starting Nmap 7.70 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2019-04-13 17:38 CST
Nmap scan report fo
SEO靠我r bogon (192.168.247.129)
Host is up (0.00023s latency).PORT STATE SERVICE
53/udp cl
SEO靠我osed domain
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:8F:74:74 (VMware)Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scann
SEO靠我ed in 0.14 seconds
二、TCP端口扫描
TCP是基于连接的协议TCP扫描可以分为隐蔽扫描、僵尸扫描、全连接扫描所有TCP扫描方式,都是基于三次握手的变化来判断目标端口的状态
三次握手过程:SEO靠我
1、隐蔽扫描——syn
我给你发SYN包,只要你给我回SYN+ACK包,说明端口就是开放的;端口没开放,会回RST+ACK。不管目标主机会什么包,我都不会回ACK数据包,所以目标系统的应用层日志中不会有SEO靠我日志(因为没有建立完整的TCP连接),但是网络层会有一些迹象,所以该扫描方式较隐蔽。
SYN——SYN|ACK——RST //目标端口开放SYN——RST|ACK //目标端口不开放
root@kali:~# scapy
WARNING: No route found for IPv6 destination :: (no default route?)
SEO靠我 INFO: Cant import python ecdsa lib. Disabled certificate manipulation tools
Welcome
SEO靠我to Scapy (2.3.3)#测试80端口是否开放
>>> a=sr1(IP(dst="192.168.247.130")/TCP(dport=80),timeout=1,verb
SEO靠我ose=0)
>>> a
<IP version=4L ihl=5L tos=0x0 len=44 id=0 flags=DF frag=0L ttl=64 proto
SEO靠我=tcp chksum=0xca69 src=192.168.247.130 dst=192.168.247.142 options=[] |<TCP sport=http dport=ftp_dat
SEO靠我a seq=1646221533 ack=1 dataofs=6L reserved=0L flags=SA window=14600 chksum=0x334a urgptr=0 options=[
SEO靠我(MSS, 1460)] |<Padding load=\x00\x00 |>>>#测试66端口是否开放
>>> a=sr1(IP(dst="192.168.247.130")/TCP
SEO靠我(dport=66),timeout=1,verbose=0)
>>> a
<IP version=4L ihl=5L tos=0x0 len=40 id=0 flag
SEO靠我s=DF frag=0L ttl=64 proto=tcp chksum=0xca6d src=192.168.247.130 dst=192.168.247.142 options=[] |<TCP
SEO靠我 sport=66 dport=ftp_data seq=0 ack=1 dataofs=5L reserved=0L flags=RA window=0 chksum=0x3f17 urgptr=0
SEO靠我 |<Padding load=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00 |>>>
Wireshark抓包分析:
使用脚本实现隐蔽扫描
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*-
SEO靠我 coding: utf-8 -*-
#该脚本用户实现扫描目标主机中开放的TCP端口from scapy.all import*
import sysif len( s
SEO靠我ys.argv ) !=4:print "Example - ./syn_scan.py 1.1.1.1 1 100"sys.exit()ip = str(sys.argv[1])
s
SEO靠我tart = int(sys.argv[2])
end = int(sys.argv[3])for port in range(start,end+1):a=sr1(IP(dst=ip
SEO靠我)/TCP(dport=port),timeout=0.1,verbose=0)if a ==None:passelse:if int(a[TCP].flags)==18: #SYN+ACK值为18p
SEO靠我rint (port)else:pass
执行结果如下:
root@kali:~# chmod +x SYN_scan.py
root@kali:~# ./SYN_scan.py 192.
SEO靠我168.247.130 1 200
22
80
111
2)隐蔽端口扫描——nmap
nmap 192.168.247.130 -p 1-100nmap -
SEO靠我sS 192.168.247.130 -p 80,88,53,22,25nmap -sS -iL IP.txt -p 80,88,53,22 //扫描指定文件中的IP地址
SEO靠我 root@kali:~# nmap 192.168.247.130 -p 1-100 //默认-sS,扫描端口1-100
Starting Nmap 7.70 ( https
SEO靠我://nmap.org ) at 2019-04-20 21:30 CST
Nmap scan report for bogon (192.168.247.130)
H
SEO靠我ost is up (0.00083s latency).
Not shown: 98 closed ports
PORT STATE SERVICE
SEO靠我22/tcp open ssh
80/tcp open http
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:74:BA:34 (VMware)Nmap done: 1
SEO靠我 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.48 seconds
3)隐蔽端口扫描——hping3
hping3 192.168.247.130 --scan 1-100 -
SEO靠我Shping3 192.168.247.130 --scan 80,88,53,22 -Shping3 -c 100 -S --spoof 伪造的IP地址 -p ++1 源IP地址
SEO靠我root@kali:~# hping3 192.168.247.130 --scan 1-100 -S //-S:SYN包
Scanning 192.168.247.130 (192.
SEO靠我168.247.130), port 1-100
100 ports to scan, use -V to see all the replies
+----+----
SEO靠我-------+---------+---+-----+-----+-----+
|port| serv name | flags |ttl| id | win | len |
SEO靠我 +----+-----------+---------+---+-----+-----+-----+22 ssh : .S..A... 64 0 14600 4680 http : .S..
SEO靠我A... 64 0 14600 46
All replies received. Done.
Not responding ports:
#源地址欺骗,
SEO靠我但是不知道扫描后的结果
root@kali:~# hping3 -c 100 -S --spoof 192.168.247.140 -p ++1 192.168.247.130
SEO靠我 HPING 192.168.247.130 (eth0 192.168.247.130): S set, 40 headers + 0 data bytes--- 192.168.247.1
SEO靠我30 hping statistic ---
100 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss
SEO靠我 round-trip min/avg/max = 0.0/0.0/0.0 ms
2、僵尸扫描
Kali渗透测试之端口扫描——僵尸扫描(Scapy、python脚本、nmap)
3、全连接端口扫描
全连接扫描SEO靠我(SYN、ACK+SYN、ACK)不隐蔽。只要建立完整的三次握手,行为就很容易被识别出来
1)全连接端口扫描——nmap
nmap -sT 192.168.247.129
SEO靠我 //扫描1000个常见端口nmap -sT 192.168.247.129 -p 1-100 //-p 指定端口进行扫描
root@kali:~# nmap -sT
SEO靠我 192.168.247.129
Starting Nmap 7.70 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2019-04-14 20:17 CST
Nma
SEO靠我p scan report for bogon (192.168.247.129)
Host is up (0.0011s latency).
Not shown: 9
SEO靠我94 closed ports
PORT STATE SERVICE
80/tcp open http
135/tcp open msrpc
SEO靠我 139/tcp open netbios-ssn
445/tcp open microsoft-ds
1025/tcp open NFS-or-IIS
SEO靠我 3306/tcp open mysql
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:8F:74:74 (VMware)Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 hos
SEO靠我t up) scanned in 3.51 seconds
2)全连接端口扫描——dmitry
功能简单,使用简单默认扫描150个最常用的端口
root@kali:~# dmitry -p
SEO靠我 192.168.247.129 //-p 执行TCP扫描
Deepmagic Information Gathering Tool
"There be some de
SEO靠我ep magic going on"HostIP:192.168.247.129
HostName:bogonGathered TCP Port information for 192
SEO靠我.168.247.129
---------------------------------Port State80/tcp open
135/tcp open
SEO靠我 139/tcp openPortscan Finished: Scanned 150 ports, 146 ports were in state closedAll scans compl
SEO靠我eted, exiting
3)全连接端口扫描——nc
root@kali:~# nc -nv -w 1 -z 192.168.247.129 1-200
(UNKNOWN) [192.1
SEO靠我68.247.129] 139 (netbios-ssn) open
(UNKNOWN) [192.168.247.129] 135 (loc-srv) open
(U
SEO靠我NKNOWN) [192.168.247.129] 80 (http) open